發布時間：2026-04-26 12:33:02 人氣：306203 來源：川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕，即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕，其特點是零件重量減輕，甚至完全腐蝕；失去力量；降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang，zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong，zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi，yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu，zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi，youyuyouliguidefushi，fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng件jian的de性xing能neng有you很hen大da影ying響xiang。由you於yu密mi封feng比bi主zhu機ji的de零ling件jian更geng小xiao，精jing度du更geng高gao，所suo以yi通tong常chang選xuan擇ze比bi主zhu機ji密mi封feng耐nai腐fu蝕shi的de材cai料liao。對dui於yu與yu介jie質zhi直zhi接jie接jie觸chu的de密mi封feng件jian，可ke參can考kao相xiang關guan腐fu蝕shi手shou冊ce中zhong的de數shu據ju選xuan擇ze合he適shi的de材cai料liao。然ran而er，這zhe些xie數shu據ju可ke能neng與yu雲陽機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致，因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據，並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明，壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高，密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
在zai處chu理li強qiang腐fu蝕shi性xing流liu體ti時shi，采cai用yong外wai密mi封feng或huo雙shuang端duan密mi封feng可ke以yi最zui大da限xian度du地di減jian少shao腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng的de影ying響xiang，因yin為wei它ta與yu工gong藝yi流liu體ti接jie觸chu的de零ling件jian數shu量liang最zui少shao。這zhe也ye是shi在zai強qiang腐fu蝕shi條tiao件jian下xia選xuan擇ze密mi封feng結jie構gou最zui古gu老lao的de窯yao理li之zhi一yi。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力，都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、銅tong合he金jin等deng。容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。在zai應ying力li腐fu蝕shi過guo程cheng中zhong，一yi般ban在zai金jin屬shu表biao麵mian形xing成cheng選xuan擇ze性xing腐fu蝕shi槽cao，然ran後hou繼ji續xu局ju部bu腐fu蝕shi，最zui後hou在zai應ying力li作zuo用yong下xia從cong槽cao底di產chan生sheng裂lie紋wen。典dian型xing的de例li子zi是shi104型雲陽機械密封的傳動套筒，由1Cr18Ni9Tizhicheng。zaianshuibengzhongshiyongshi，chuandongtaotongdechuandongerhuanzuirongyichanshengyinglifushiliewen，congersunhuaierhuan。suoyibaaoerdinghuanchengshixinerpiankeyifangzhizhezhongyinglifushi。
3.jiezhifushi。mifengjianheliutizhijiandegaosuyundongdaozhijiechubiaomianshangdeweixiaobujunyun。dangliutiweifushixingjiezhishi，huijiasumifengjiechumiandehuaxuefanying，youshiyouyi，youshiyouhai。ruguoxingchengdeyanghuacengbeipohuai，jiuhuifashengfushi。mosunhemoshijiaotizuoyongduicailiaozaochengdesunshangchengweimoshi。tongchang，mosundui雲陽機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞，如彈簧座、推環、huanzuodeng。bingbunengxunsufanyingmifengxingnengdebianhua，danqueshimocafushixiaodezhuyaoxingshizhiyi。yinci，zaiqiangtidefushijiezhizhong，mocafuyingyounaifushixinghaodecailiaozhicheng。liru，shiyong99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.jianxifushi。dangjiezhichuyujinshuyujinshuhuofeijinshugoujianzhijian，qiecunzaixiaojianxishi，youyujiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai，jianxineijinshudefushihuijiasu，zhezhongxianxiangchengweijianxifushi。liru雲陽機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點，補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)就jiu是shi典dian型xing的de例li子zi。原yuan因yin是shi接jie頭tou內nei的de介jie質zhi處chu於yu停ting滯zhi狀zhuang態tai，使shi得de參can與yu腐fu蝕shi反fan應ying的de物wu質zhi難nan以yi加jia入ru接jie頭tou內nei，接jie頭tou內nei的de腐fu蝕shi產chan物wu難nan以yi向xiang外wai擴kuo散san。隨sui著zhe腐fu蝕shi的de進jin行xing，接jie頭tou中zhong的de介jie質zhi在zai成cheng分fen濃nong度du和hePHzhishangyuzhenggejiezhiyuelaiyuebutong，daozhijietouzhongjinshubiaomiandefushijiaju。jianxifushiduimifengxingnengfeichangyouhai。mifengquanyushuangzhouzhijiandeaocaohuidaozhibuchanghuanwufazhouxiangweiyi，shiqusuidongxing，daozhiduanmianfenlihexielou。jianxifushitongchangkeyitongguoshidangdecailiaoxuanzehehelidejiegoushejilaihuanjie。biruxuanzekangjianxifushixingnenghaodecailiao；zaijiegoushejizhong，yingjinkenengbimianyetijijudejianxihesiqu。caiyongzichongxixunhuan，shimifengqiangneidejiezhichuyubuduangenghuanheliudongdezhuangtai，fangzhijiezhichengfendenongdubianhua；duiyuchangqitingyongdebeng，yingjishipaichujijudeyetideng。bukenengwanquanxiaochujiegoushangdechaju。suoyiyibancaiyongfanghuzhoucheng，keyizaimifengquananzhuangbuweipentunaifushicailiaolaifangzhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上，雲陽機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就雲陽機械密封mocafueryan，tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai，yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi，butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying，jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin，lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru，dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi，niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液，密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷，以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。
