發布時間：2026-04-21 14:32:44 人氣：303623 來源：川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕，即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕，其特點是零件重量減輕，甚至完全腐蝕；失去力量；降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang，zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong，zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi，yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu，zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi，youyuyouliguidefushi，fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
腐(fu)蝕(shi)對(dui)密(mi)封(feng)件(jian)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)有(you)很(hen)大(da)影(ying)響(xiang)。由(you)於(yu)密(mi)封(feng)比(bi)主(zhu)機(ji)的(de)零(ling)件(jian)更(geng)小(xiao)，精(jing)度(du)更(geng)高(gao)，所(suo)以(yi)通(tong)常(chang)選(xuan)擇(ze)比(bi)主(zhu)機(ji)密(mi)封(feng)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)。對(dui)於(yu)與(yu)介(jie)質(zhi)直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)密(mi)封(feng)件(jian)，可(ke)參(can)考(kao)相(xiang)關(guan)腐(fu)蝕(shi)手(shou)冊(ce)中(zhong)的(de)數(shu)據(ju)選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適(shi)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)。然(ran)而(er)，這(zhe)些(xie)數(shu)據(ju)可(ke)能(neng)與(yu)夷陵機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致，因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據，並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明，壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高，密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
zaichuliqiangfushixingliutishi，caiyongwaimifenghuoshuangduanmifengkeyizuidaxiandudijianshaofushiduimifengdeyingxiang，yinweitayugongyiliutijiechudelingjianshuliangzuishao。zheyeshizaiqiangfushitiaojianxiaxuanzemifengjiegouzuigulaodeyaolizhiyi。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力，都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、銅tong合he金jin等deng。容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。在zai應ying力li腐fu蝕shi過guo程cheng中zhong，一yi般ban在zai金jin屬shu表biao麵mian形xing成cheng選xuan擇ze性xing腐fu蝕shi槽cao，然ran後hou繼ji續xu局ju部bu腐fu蝕shi，最zui後hou在zai應ying力li作zuo用yong下xia從cong槽cao底di產chan生sheng裂lie紋wen。典dian型xing的de例li子zi是shi104型夷陵機械密封的傳動套筒，由1Cr18Ni9Tizhicheng。zaianshuibengzhongshiyongshi，chuandongtaotongdechuandongerhuanzuirongyichanshengyinglifushiliewen，congersunhuaierhuan。suoyibaaoerdinghuanchengshixinerpiankeyifangzhizhezhongyinglifushi。
3.jiezhifushi。mifengjianheliutizhijiandegaosuyundongdaozhijiechubiaomianshangdeweixiaobujunyun。dangliutiweifushixingjiezhishi，huijiasumifengjiechumiandehuaxuefanying，youshiyouyi，youshiyouhai。ruguoxingchengdeyanghuacengbeipohuai，jiuhuifashengfushi。mosunhemoshijiaotizuoyongduicailiaozaochengdesunshangchengweimoshi。tongchang，mosundui夷陵機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞，如彈簧座、推環、環(huan)座(zuo)等(deng)。並(bing)不(bu)能(neng)迅(xun)速(su)反(fan)映(ying)密(mi)封(feng)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，但(dan)卻(que)是(shi)摩(mo)擦(ca)副(fu)失(shi)效(xiao)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)形(xing)式(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)。因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)腔(qiang)體(ti)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)介(jie)質(zhi)中(zhong)，摩(mo)擦(ca)副(fu)應(ying)由(you)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)好(hao)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)製(zhi)成(cheng)。例(li)如(ru)，使(shi)用(yong)99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi。當dang介jie質zhi處chu於yu金jin屬shu與yu金jin屬shu或huo非fei金jin屬shu構gou件jian之zhi間jian，且qie存cun在zai小xiao間jian隙xi時shi，由you於yu介jie質zhi處chu於yu停ting滯zhi狀zhuang態tai，間jian隙xi內nei金jin屬shu的de腐fu蝕shi會hui加jia速su，這zhe種zhong現xian象xiang稱cheng為wei間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi。例li如ru夷陵機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點，補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)jiushidianxingdelizi。yuanyinshijietouneidejiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai，shidecanyufushifanyingdewuzhinanyijiarujietounei，jietouneidefushichanwunanyixiangwaikuosan。suizhefushidejinxing，jietouzhongdejiezhizaichengfennongduhePHzhishangyuzhenggejiezhiyuelaiyuebutong，daozhijietouzhongjinshubiaomiandefushijiaju。jianxifushiduimifengxingnengfeichangyouhai。mifengquanyushuangzhouzhijiandeaocaohuidaozhibuchanghuanwufazhouxiangweiyi，shiqusuidongxing，daozhiduanmianfenlihexielou。jianxifushitongchangkeyitongguoshidangdecailiaoxuanzehehelidejiegoushejilaihuanjie。biruxuanzekangjianxifushixingnenghaodecailiao；zaijiegoushejizhong，yingjinkenengbimianyetijijudejianxihesiqu。caiyongzichongxixunhuan，shimifengqiangneidejiezhichuyubuduangenghuanheliudongdezhuangtai，fangzhijiezhichengfendenongdubianhua；對dui於yu長chang期qi停ting用yong的de泵beng，應ying及ji時shi排pai出chu積ji聚ju的de液ye體ti等deng。不bu可ke能neng完wan全quan消xiao除chu結jie構gou上shang的de差cha距ju。所suo以yi一yi般ban采cai用yong防fang護hu軸zhou承cheng，可ke以yi在zai密mi封feng圈quan安an裝zhuang部bu位wei噴pen塗tu耐nai腐fu蝕shi材cai料liao來lai防fang止zhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上，夷陵機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就夷陵機械密封摩mo擦ca副fu而er言yan，它ta們men經jing常chang受shou到dao電dian化hua學xue腐fu蝕shi的de損sun害hai，因yin為wei摩mo擦ca副fu中zhong通tong常chang使shi用yong不bu同tong的de材cai料liao。當dang它ta們men處chu於yu電dian解jie質zhi溶rong液ye中zhong時shi，不bu同tong材cai料liao接jie觸chu時shi會hui出chu現xian點dian耦ou合he效xiao應ying，即ji一yi種zhong材cai料liao的de腐fu蝕shi得de到dao促cu進jin，另ling一yi種zhong材cai料liao的de腐fu蝕shi得de到dao抑yi製zhi。例li如ru，當dang銅tong和he鎳nie鉻ge鋼gang用yong於yu氧yang化hua介jie質zhi時shi，鎳nie鎘ge鋼gang被bei電dian離li和he分fen解jie。鹽yan水shui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液，密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷，以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。
