發布時間:2026-04-21 09:07:47 人氣:198540 來源:
在使用過程中,大多數西陵機械密封都dou屬shu於yu接jie觸chu式shi密mi封feng,其qi機ji理li是shi靠kao動dong密mi封feng環huan與yu靜jing密mi封feng環huan的de接jie觸chu端duan麵mian在zai密mi封feng流liu體ti壓ya力li和he彈dan性xing元yuan件jian壓ya緊jin力li的de作zuo用yong下xia緊jin密mi貼tie合he,並bing相xiang對dui滑hua動dong而er達da到dao密mi封feng。工gong作zuo時shi,西陵機械密封端麵上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。西陵機械密封端麵摩擦的工況一般分為:流體摩擦、混hun合he摩mo擦ca和he邊bian界jie摩mo擦ca三san類lei,但dan不bu能neng長chang時shi間jian幹gan摩mo擦ca。幹gan摩mo擦ca狀zhuang態tai時shi,兩liang端duan麵mian間jian的de固gu體ti表biao麵mian微wei凸tu體ti將jiang直zhi接jie接jie觸chu而er引yin起qi劇ju烈lie的de磨mo損sun。磨mo損sun時shi一yi方fang麵mian會hui使shi摩mo擦ca表biao麵mian物wu質zhi喪sang失shi或huo遷qian移yi,導dao致zhi表biao麵mian損sun壞huai;另一方麵會產生大量的摩擦熱直至燒毀密封。在無流體介質的工況下,如何減少磨損降低摩擦熱,那就要依靠幹磨密封了。
ganmomifengshuyufudongmifengdeyizhong,changyongcaizhiweinaimotanjing,jiegoubaokuohuanxingmifengqiangtihehuanxingzhoutao,mifengqiangtineiyouhuanxingcao,caoneizhishaozhuangyouergejiemianweijuxingdehuanxingshimomifenghuan,shimomifenghuandeneijingyuhuanxingzhoutaozhijianyou0.01-0.04的de間jian隙xi,軸zhou套tao外wai表biao麵mian塗tu有you耐nai磨mo塗tu層ceng,塗tu層ceng材cai料liao一yi般ban為wei三san氧yang化hua二er鋁lv或huo三san氧yang化hua二er鉻ge。幹gan磨mo密mi封feng有you時shi需xu要yao增zeng加jia隔ge離li氣qi,通tong常chang使shi用yong氮dan氣qi,氮dan氣qi耗hao量liang能neng控kong製zhi在zai25-40。主zhu要yao應ying用yong於yu密mi封feng易yi燃ran有you毒du介jie質zhi,由you於yu操cao作zuo維wei修xiu簡jian單dan,密mi封feng性xing好hao,不bu需xu要yao複fu雜za的de潤run滑hua冷leng卻que係xi統tong,可ke以yi幹gan運yun行xing,得de到dao廣guang泛fan的de應ying用yong。幹gan磨mo密mi封feng包bao括kuo有you外wai罩zhao及ji架jia設she於yu外wai罩zhao上shang且qie可ke呈cheng相xiang對dui旋xuan轉zhuan及ji貼tie合he的de動dong密mi封feng環huan及ji靜jing密mi封feng環huan,靜jing密mi封feng環huan與yu外wai罩zhao固gu定ding連lian接jie,靜jing密mi封feng環huan及ji動dong密mi封feng環huan上shang分fen開kai設she有you供gong旋xuan轉zhuan軸zhou安an裝zhuang的de通tong孔kong,且qie動dong密mi封feng環huan與yu靜jing密mi封feng環huan貼tie合he的de端duan麵mian分fen別bie為wei動dong密mi封feng麵mian及ji靜jing密mi封feng麵mian,外wai罩zhao上shang設she有you促cu使shi動dong密mi封feng環huan與yu靜jing密mi封feng環huan緊jin密mi貼tie合he的de彈dan性xing抵di壓ya件jian。除chu了le要yao保bao持chi密mi封feng麵mian平ping行xing之zhi外wai,主zhu要yao是shi摩mo擦ca副fu的de材cai料liao問wen題ti。

摩擦材料應具備下列條件:
(1)機械強度高,能耐壓和耐壓力變形;
(2)具有耐幹磨性,耐高載荷性,自潤滑性好;
(3)配對材料的磨合性好,無過大的磨損和對偶腐蝕;
(4)耐磨性好,摩擦材料雖然是易損件,起到保護製動或傳動裝置的作用,但要求具有一定的耐磨性,使用壽命盡量要長,刮傷、腐蝕和粘附對偶,都會造成製動或傳動的震動和不穩定;
(5)導熱性和散熱性好,導熱性是傳導熱量的能力大小,即包括吸熱,也包括散熱,所以,導熱性好的必然散熱性也好;
(6)抗熱裂性好,根本解決抗熱裂性問題可能需要改變封孔方法;
(7)耐腐蝕性強,一些有色金屬合金能將良好的摩擦學特性與有些流體的耐腐蝕性結合;
(8)線膨脹係數小,熱膨脹會造成摩擦材料與摩擦對偶之間的間隙過小,發生拖摩,損毀製動、傳動裝置。