發布時間：2026-04-26 04:05:32 人氣：305991 來源：川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕，即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕，其特點是零件重量減輕，甚至完全腐蝕；失去力量；降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang，zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong，zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi，yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu，zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi，youyuyouliguidefushi，fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng件jian的de性xing能neng有you很hen大da影ying響xiang。由you於yu密mi封feng比bi主zhu機ji的de零ling件jian更geng小xiao，精jing度du更geng高gao，所suo以yi通tong常chang選xuan擇ze比bi主zhu機ji密mi封feng耐nai腐fu蝕shi的de材cai料liao。對dui於yu與yu介jie質zhi直zhi接jie接jie觸chu的de密mi封feng件jian，可ke參can考kao相xiang關guan腐fu蝕shi手shou冊ce中zhong的de數shu據ju選xuan擇ze合he適shi的de材cai料liao。然ran而er，這zhe些xie數shu據ju可ke能neng與yu衛輝機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致，因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據，並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明，壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高，密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
在(zai)處(chu)理(li)強(qiang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)流(liu)體(ti)時(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)外(wai)密(mi)封(feng)或(huo)雙(shuang)端(duan)密(mi)封(feng)可(ke)以(yi)最(zui)大(da)限(xian)度(du)地(di)減(jian)少(shao)腐(fu)蝕(shi)對(dui)密(mi)封(feng)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，因(yin)為(wei)它(ta)與(yu)工(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)體(ti)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)零(ling)件(jian)數(shu)量(liang)最(zui)少(shao)。這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)在(zai)強(qiang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)選(xuan)擇(ze)密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構(gou)最(zui)古(gu)老(lao)的(de)窯(yao)理(li)之(zhi)一(yi)。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力，都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、tonghejindeng。rongyichanshengyinglifushi。zaiyinglifushiguochengzhong，yibanzaijinshubiaomianxingchengxuanzexingfushicao，ranhoujixujubufushi，zuihouzaiyinglizuoyongxiacongcaodichanshengliewen。dianxingdelizishi104型衛輝機械密封的傳動套筒，由1Cr18Ni9Ti製(zhi)成(cheng)。在(zai)氨(an)水(shui)泵(beng)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)，傳(chuan)動(dong)套(tao)筒(tong)的(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)耳(er)環(huan)最(zui)容(rong)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)裂(lie)紋(wen)，從(cong)而(er)損(sun)壞(huai)耳(er)環(huan)。所(suo)以(yi)把(ba)凹(ao)耳(er)釘(ding)換(huan)成(cheng)實(shi)心(xin)耳(er)片(pian)可(ke)以(yi)防(fang)止(zhi)這(zhe)種(zhong)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。
3.介jie質zhi腐fu蝕shi。密mi封feng件jian和he流liu體ti之zhi間jian的de高gao速su運yun動dong導dao致zhi接jie觸chu表biao麵mian上shang的de微wei小xiao不bu均jun勻yun。當dang流liu體ti為wei腐fu蝕shi性xing介jie質zhi時shi，會hui加jia速su密mi封feng接jie觸chu麵mian的de化hua學xue反fan應ying，有you時shi有you益yi，有you時shi有you害hai。如ru果guo形xing成cheng的de氧yang化hua層ceng被bei破po壞huai，就jiu會hui發fa生sheng腐fu蝕shi。磨mo損sun和he磨mo蝕shi交jiao替ti作zuo用yong對dui材cai料liao造zao成cheng的de損sun傷shang稱cheng為wei磨mo蝕shi。通tong常chang，磨mo損sun對dui衛輝機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞，如彈簧座、推環、環(huan)座(zuo)等(deng)。並(bing)不(bu)能(neng)迅(xun)速(su)反(fan)映(ying)密(mi)封(feng)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，但(dan)卻(que)是(shi)摩(mo)擦(ca)副(fu)失(shi)效(xiao)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)形(xing)式(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)。因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)腔(qiang)體(ti)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)介(jie)質(zhi)中(zhong)，摩(mo)擦(ca)副(fu)應(ying)由(you)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)好(hao)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)製(zhi)成(cheng)。例(li)如(ru)，使(shi)用(yong)99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi。當dang介jie質zhi處chu於yu金jin屬shu與yu金jin屬shu或huo非fei金jin屬shu構gou件jian之zhi間jian，且qie存cun在zai小xiao間jian隙xi時shi，由you於yu介jie質zhi處chu於yu停ting滯zhi狀zhuang態tai，間jian隙xi內nei金jin屬shu的de腐fu蝕shi會hui加jia速su，這zhe種zhong現xian象xiang稱cheng為wei間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi。例li如ru衛輝機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點，補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)就(jiu)是(shi)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)例(li)子(zi)。原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)停(ting)滯(zhi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，使(shi)得(de)參(can)與(yu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)反(fan)應(ying)的(de)物(wu)質(zhi)難(nan)以(yi)加(jia)入(ru)接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)，接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)產(chan)物(wu)難(nan)以(yi)向(xiang)外(wai)擴(kuo)散(san)。隨(sui)著(zhe)腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)進(jin)行(xing)，接(jie)頭(tou)中(zhong)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)在(zai)成(cheng)分(fen)濃(nong)度(du)和(he)PHzhishangyuzhenggejiezhiyuelaiyuebutong，daozhijietouzhongjinshubiaomiandefushijiaju。jianxifushiduimifengxingnengfeichangyouhai。mifengquanyushuangzhouzhijiandeaocaohuidaozhibuchanghuanwufazhouxiangweiyi，shiqusuidongxing，daozhiduanmianfenlihexielou。jianxifushitongchangkeyitongguoshidangdecailiaoxuanzehehelidejiegoushejilaihuanjie。biruxuanzekangjianxifushixingnenghaodecailiao；zaijiegoushejizhong，yingjinkenengbimianyetijijudejianxihesiqu。caiyongzichongxixunhuan，shimifengqiangneidejiezhichuyubuduangenghuanheliudongdezhuangtai，fangzhijiezhichengfendenongdubianhua；對(dui)於(yu)長(chang)期(qi)停(ting)用(yong)的(de)泵(beng)，應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)排(pai)出(chu)積(ji)聚(ju)的(de)液(ye)體(ti)等(deng)。不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)完(wan)全(quan)消(xiao)除(chu)結(jie)構(gou)上(shang)的(de)差(cha)距(ju)。所(suo)以(yi)一(yi)般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)防(fang)護(hu)軸(zhou)承(cheng)，可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)安(an)裝(zhuang)部(bu)位(wei)噴(pen)塗(tu)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)材(cai)料(liao)來(lai)防(fang)止(zhi)。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上，衛輝機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就衛輝機械密封mocafueryan，tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai，yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi，butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying，jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin，lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru，dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi，niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液，密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷，以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。
