發布時間:2026-04-30 17:30:47 人氣:309696 來源:川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕,即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕,其特點是零件重量減輕,甚至完全腐蝕;失去力量;降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang,zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong,zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi,yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu,zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi,youyuyouliguidefushi,fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng件jian的de性xing能neng有you很hen大da影ying響xiang。由you於yu密mi封feng比bi主zhu機ji的de零ling件jian更geng小xiao,精jing度du更geng高gao,所suo以yi通tong常chang選xuan擇ze比bi主zhu機ji密mi封feng耐nai腐fu蝕shi的de材cai料liao。對dui於yu與yu介jie質zhi直zhi接jie接jie觸chu的de密mi封feng件jian,可ke參can考kao相xiang關guan腐fu蝕shi手shou冊ce中zhong的de數shu據ju選xuan擇ze合he適shi的de材cai料liao。然ran而er,這zhe些xie數shu據ju可ke能neng與yu壽寧機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致,因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據,並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明,壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高,密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
在zai處chu理li強qiang腐fu蝕shi性xing流liu體ti時shi,采cai用yong外wai密mi封feng或huo雙shuang端duan密mi封feng可ke以yi最zui大da限xian度du地di減jian少shao腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng的de影ying響xiang,因yin為wei它ta與yu工gong藝yi流liu體ti接jie觸chu的de零ling件jian數shu量liang最zui少shao。這zhe也ye是shi在zai強qiang腐fu蝕shi條tiao件jian下xia選xuan擇ze密mi封feng結jie構gou最zui古gu老lao的de窯yao理li之zhi一yi。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力,都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、tonghejindeng。rongyichanshengyinglifushi。zaiyinglifushiguochengzhong,yibanzaijinshubiaomianxingchengxuanzexingfushicao,ranhoujixujubufushi,zuihouzaiyinglizuoyongxiacongcaodichanshengliewen。dianxingdelizishi104型壽寧機械密封的傳動套筒,由1Cr18Ni9Ti製(zhi)成(cheng)。在(zai)氨(an)水(shui)泵(beng)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi),傳(chuan)動(dong)套(tao)筒(tong)的(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)耳(er)環(huan)最(zui)容(rong)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)裂(lie)紋(wen),從(cong)而(er)損(sun)壞(huai)耳(er)環(huan)。所(suo)以(yi)把(ba)凹(ao)耳(er)釘(ding)換(huan)成(cheng)實(shi)心(xin)耳(er)片(pian)可(ke)以(yi)防(fang)止(zhi)這(zhe)種(zhong)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。
3.jiezhifushi。mifengjianheliutizhijiandegaosuyundongdaozhijiechubiaomianshangdeweixiaobujunyun。dangliutiweifushixingjiezhishi,huijiasumifengjiechumiandehuaxuefanying,youshiyouyi,youshiyouhai。ruguoxingchengdeyanghuacengbeipohuai,jiuhuifashengfushi。mosunhemoshijiaotizuoyongduicailiaozaochengdesunshangchengweimoshi。tongchang,mosundui壽寧機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞,如彈簧座、推環、huanzuodeng。bingbunengxunsufanyingmifengxingnengdebianhua,danqueshimocafushixiaodezhuyaoxingshizhiyi。yinci,zaiqiangtidefushijiezhizhong,mocafuyingyounaifushixinghaodecailiaozhicheng。liru,shiyong99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.jianxifushi。dangjiezhichuyujinshuyujinshuhuofeijinshugoujianzhijian,qiecunzaixiaojianxishi,youyujiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai,jianxineijinshudefushihuijiasu,zhezhongxianxiangchengweijianxifushi。liru壽寧機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點,補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)就jiu是shi典dian型xing的de例li子zi。原yuan因yin是shi接jie頭tou內nei的de介jie質zhi處chu於yu停ting滯zhi狀zhuang態tai,使shi得de參can與yu腐fu蝕shi反fan應ying的de物wu質zhi難nan以yi加jia入ru接jie頭tou內nei,接jie頭tou內nei的de腐fu蝕shi產chan物wu難nan以yi向xiang外wai擴kuo散san。隨sui著zhe腐fu蝕shi的de進jin行xing,接jie頭tou中zhong的de介jie質zhi在zai成cheng分fen濃nong度du和hePH值(zhi)上(shang)與(yu)整(zheng)個(ge)介(jie)質(zhi)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)不(bu)同(tong),導(dao)致(zhi)接(jie)頭(tou)中(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)麵(mian)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)加(jia)劇(ju)。間(jian)隙(xi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)對(dui)密(mi)封(feng)性(xing)能(neng)非(fei)常(chang)有(you)害(hai)。密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)與(yu)雙(shuang)軸(zhou)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)凹(ao)槽(cao)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)補(bu)償(chang)環(huan)無(wu)法(fa)軸(zhou)向(xiang)位(wei)移(yi),失(shi)去(qu)隨(sui)動(dong)性(xing),導(dao)致(zhi)端(duan)麵(mian)分(fen)離(li)和(he)泄(xie)漏(lou)。間(jian)隙(xi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)通(tong)常(chang)可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)選(xuan)擇(ze)和(he)合(he)理(li)的(de)結(jie)構(gou)設(she)計(ji)來(lai)緩(huan)解(jie)。比(bi)如(ru)選(xuan)擇(ze)抗(kang)間(jian)隙(xi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)能(neng)好(hao)的(de)材(cai)料(liao);zaijiegoushejizhong,yingjinkenengbimianyetijijudejianxihesiqu。caiyongzichongxixunhuan,shimifengqiangneidejiezhichuyubuduangenghuanheliudongdezhuangtai,fangzhijiezhichengfendenongdubianhua;對dui於yu長chang期qi停ting用yong的de泵beng,應ying及ji時shi排pai出chu積ji聚ju的de液ye體ti等deng。不bu可ke能neng完wan全quan消xiao除chu結jie構gou上shang的de差cha距ju。所suo以yi一yi般ban采cai用yong防fang護hu軸zhou承cheng,可ke以yi在zai密mi封feng圈quan安an裝zhuang部bu位wei噴pen塗tu耐nai腐fu蝕shi材cai料liao來lai防fang止zhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上,壽寧機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就壽寧機械密封mocafueryan,tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai,yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi,butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying,jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin,lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru,dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi,niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液,密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷,以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。