發布時間:2026-04-29 04:07:13 人氣:308065 來源:川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕,即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕,其特點是零件重量減輕,甚至完全腐蝕;失去力量;降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang,zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong,zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi,yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu,zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi,youyuyouliguidefushi,fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
fushiduimifengjiandexingnengyouhendayingxiang。youyumifengbizhujidelingjiangengxiao,jingdugenggao,suoyitongchangxuanzebizhujimifengnaifushidecailiao。duiyuyujiezhizhijiejiechudemifengjian,kecankaoxiangguanfushishoucezhongdeshujuxuanzeheshidecailiao。raner,zhexieshujukenengyu兩當機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致,因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據,並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明,壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高,密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
zaichuliqiangfushixingliutishi,caiyongwaimifenghuoshuangduanmifengkeyizuidaxiandudijianshaofushiduimifengdeyingxiang,yinweitayugongyiliutijiechudelingjianshuliangzuishao。zheyeshizaiqiangfushitiaojianxiaxuanzemifengjiegouzuigulaodeyaolizhiyi。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力,都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、銅tong合he金jin等deng。容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。在zai應ying力li腐fu蝕shi過guo程cheng中zhong,一yi般ban在zai金jin屬shu表biao麵mian形xing成cheng選xuan擇ze性xing腐fu蝕shi槽cao,然ran後hou繼ji續xu局ju部bu腐fu蝕shi,最zui後hou在zai應ying力li作zuo用yong下xia從cong槽cao底di產chan生sheng裂lie紋wen。典dian型xing的de例li子zi是shi104型兩當機械密封的傳動套筒,由1Cr18Ni9Ti製zhi成cheng。在zai氨an水shui泵beng中zhong使shi用yong時shi,傳chuan動dong套tao筒tong的de傳chuan動dong耳er環huan最zui容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi裂lie紋wen,從cong而er損sun壞huai耳er環huan。所suo以yi把ba凹ao耳er釘ding換huan成cheng實shi心xin耳er片pian可ke以yi防fang止zhi這zhe種zhong應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。
3.jiezhifushi。mifengjianheliutizhijiandegaosuyundongdaozhijiechubiaomianshangdeweixiaobujunyun。dangliutiweifushixingjiezhishi,huijiasumifengjiechumiandehuaxuefanying,youshiyouyi,youshiyouhai。ruguoxingchengdeyanghuacengbeipohuai,jiuhuifashengfushi。mosunhemoshijiaotizuoyongduicailiaozaochengdesunshangchengweimoshi。tongchang,mosundui兩當機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞,如彈簧座、推環、huanzuodeng。bingbunengxunsufanyingmifengxingnengdebianhua,danqueshimocafushixiaodezhuyaoxingshizhiyi。yinci,zaiqiangtidefushijiezhizhong,mocafuyingyounaifushixinghaodecailiaozhicheng。liru,shiyong99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.jianxifushi。dangjiezhichuyujinshuyujinshuhuofeijinshugoujianzhijian,qiecunzaixiaojianxishi,youyujiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai,jianxineijinshudefushihuijiasu,zhezhongxianxiangchengweijianxifushi。liru兩當機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點,補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)jiushidianxingdelizi。yuanyinshijietouneidejiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai,shidecanyufushifanyingdewuzhinanyijiarujietounei,jietouneidefushichanwunanyixiangwaikuosan。suizhefushidejinxing,jietouzhongdejiezhizaichengfennongduhePH值zhi上shang與yu整zheng個ge介jie質zhi越yue來lai越yue不bu同tong,導dao致zhi接jie頭tou中zhong金jin屬shu表biao麵mian的de腐fu蝕shi加jia劇ju。間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng性xing能neng非fei常chang有you害hai。密mi封feng圈quan與yu雙shuang軸zhou之zhi間jian的de凹ao槽cao會hui導dao致zhi補bu償chang環huan無wu法fa軸zhou向xiang位wei移yi,失shi去qu隨sui動dong性xing,導dao致zhi端duan麵mian分fen離li和he泄xie漏lou。間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi通tong常chang可ke以yi通tong過guo適shi當dang的de材cai料liao選xuan擇ze和he合he理li的de結jie構gou設she計ji來lai緩huan解jie。比bi如ru選xuan擇ze抗kang間jian隙xi腐fu蝕shi性xing能neng好hao的de材cai料liao;zaijiegoushejizhong,yingjinkenengbimianyetijijudejianxihesiqu。caiyongzichongxixunhuan,shimifengqiangneidejiezhichuyubuduangenghuanheliudongdezhuangtai,fangzhijiezhichengfendenongdubianhua;duiyuchangqitingyongdebeng,yingjishipaichujijudeyetideng。bukenengwanquanxiaochujiegoushangdechaju。suoyiyibancaiyongfanghuzhoucheng,keyizaimifengquananzhuangbuweipentunaifushicailiaolaifangzhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上,兩當機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就兩當機械密封mocafueryan,tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai,yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi,butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying,jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin,lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru,dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi,niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液,密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷,以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。