發布時間:2026-04-22 08:52:56 人氣:303945 來源:川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕,即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕,其特點是零件重量減輕,甚至完全腐蝕;失去力量;降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang,zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong,zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi,yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu,zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi,youyuyouliguidefushi,fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
fushiduimifengjiandexingnengyouhendayingxiang。youyumifengbizhujidelingjiangengxiao,jingdugenggao,suoyitongchangxuanzebizhujimifengnaifushidecailiao。duiyuyujiezhizhijiejiechudemifengjian,kecankaoxiangguanfushishoucezhongdeshujuxuanzeheshidecailiao。raner,zhexieshujukenengyu陸豐機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致,因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據,並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明,壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高,密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
zaichuliqiangfushixingliutishi,caiyongwaimifenghuoshuangduanmifengkeyizuidaxiandudijianshaofushiduimifengdeyingxiang,yinweitayugongyiliutijiechudelingjianshuliangzuishao。zheyeshizaiqiangfushitiaojianxiaxuanzemifengjiegouzuigulaodeyaolizhiyi。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力,都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)等(deng)。容(rong)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。在(zai)應(ying)力(li)腐(fu)蝕(shi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)麵(mian)形(xing)成(cheng)選(xuan)擇(ze)性(xing)腐(fu)蝕(shi)槽(cao),然(ran)後(hou)繼(ji)續(xu)局(ju)部(bu)腐(fu)蝕(shi),最(zui)後(hou)在(zai)應(ying)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)從(cong)槽(cao)底(di)產(chan)生(sheng)裂(lie)紋(wen)。典(dian)型(xing)的(de)例(li)子(zi)是(shi)104型陸豐機械密封的傳動套筒,由1Cr18Ni9Ti製zhi成cheng。在zai氨an水shui泵beng中zhong使shi用yong時shi,傳chuan動dong套tao筒tong的de傳chuan動dong耳er環huan最zui容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi裂lie紋wen,從cong而er損sun壞huai耳er環huan。所suo以yi把ba凹ao耳er釘ding換huan成cheng實shi心xin耳er片pian可ke以yi防fang止zhi這zhe種zhong應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。
3.介(jie)質(zhi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。密(mi)封(feng)件(jian)和(he)流(liu)體(ti)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)高(gao)速(su)運(yun)動(dong)導(dao)致(zhi)接(jie)觸(chu)表(biao)麵(mian)上(shang)的(de)微(wei)小(xiao)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)。當(dang)流(liu)體(ti)為(wei)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)時(shi),會(hui)加(jia)速(su)密(mi)封(feng)接(jie)觸(chu)麵(mian)的(de)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)應(ying),有(you)時(shi)有(you)益(yi),有(you)時(shi)有(you)害(hai)。如(ru)果(guo)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)層(ceng)被(bei)破(po)壞(huai),就(jiu)會(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。磨(mo)損(sun)和(he)磨(mo)蝕(shi)交(jiao)替(ti)作(zuo)用(yong)對(dui)材(cai)料(liao)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)損(sun)傷(shang)稱(cheng)為(wei)磨(mo)蝕(shi)。通(tong)常(chang),磨(mo)損(sun)對(dui)陸豐機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞,如彈簧座、推環、huanzuodeng。bingbunengxunsufanyingmifengxingnengdebianhua,danqueshimocafushixiaodezhuyaoxingshizhiyi。yinci,zaiqiangtidefushijiezhizhong,mocafuyingyounaifushixinghaodecailiaozhicheng。liru,shiyong99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.jianxifushi。dangjiezhichuyujinshuyujinshuhuofeijinshugoujianzhijian,qiecunzaixiaojianxishi,youyujiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai,jianxineijinshudefushihuijiasu,zhezhongxianxiangchengweijianxifushi。liru陸豐機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點,補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)jiushidianxingdelizi。yuanyinshijietouneidejiezhichuyutingzhizhuangtai,shidecanyufushifanyingdewuzhinanyijiarujietounei,jietouneidefushichanwunanyixiangwaikuosan。suizhefushidejinxing,jietouzhongdejiezhizaichengfennongduhePHzhishangyuzhenggejiezhiyuelaiyuebutong,daozhijietouzhongjinshubiaomiandefushijiaju。jianxifushiduimifengxingnengfeichangyouhai。mifengquanyushuangzhouzhijiandeaocaohuidaozhibuchanghuanwufazhouxiangweiyi,shiqusuidongxing,daozhiduanmianfenlihexielou。jianxifushitongchangkeyitongguoshidangdecailiaoxuanzehehelidejiegoushejilaihuanjie。biruxuanzekangjianxifushixingnenghaodecailiao;在(zai)結(jie)構(gou)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong),應(ying)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)避(bi)免(mian)液(ye)體(ti)積(ji)聚(ju)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)和(he)死(si)區(qu)。采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)衝(chong)洗(xi)循(xun)環(huan),使(shi)密(mi)封(feng)腔(qiang)內(nei)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)不(bu)斷(duan)更(geng)換(huan)和(he)流(liu)動(dong)的(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai),防(fang)止(zhi)介(jie)質(zhi)成(cheng)分(fen)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)變(bian)化(hua);對dui於yu長chang期qi停ting用yong的de泵beng,應ying及ji時shi排pai出chu積ji聚ju的de液ye體ti等deng。不bu可ke能neng完wan全quan消xiao除chu結jie構gou上shang的de差cha距ju。所suo以yi一yi般ban采cai用yong防fang護hu軸zhou承cheng,可ke以yi在zai密mi封feng圈quan安an裝zhuang部bu位wei噴pen塗tu耐nai腐fu蝕shi材cai料liao來lai防fang止zhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上,陸豐機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就陸豐機械密封mocafueryan,tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai,yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi,butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying,jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin,lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru,dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi,niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液,密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷,以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。