發布時間：2026-04-27 07:28:47 人氣：306725 來源：川工密封
1.整體腐蝕和局部腐蝕。綜合腐蝕，即與介質接觸的零件表麵發生均勻腐蝕，其特點是零件重量減輕，甚至完全腐蝕；失去力量；降低硬度。如1Cr18Ni9Tibuxiugangzhichengdeduodanhuang，zaixiliusuanzhongshiyonghuichuxianzhezhongqingkuang。jubufushikeyijiandanditongguolingjianshangdefushidianhekonglaishibie。jubufushishiduoxianghejinzhongdemouyixianghuodanxianggurongtizhongdemouyiyuansubeijiezhixuanzexingrongjiedefushixingshi。rugujiyingzhihejinzaigaowenqiangjiantiaojianxiashiyong，zhanjiexiangjinshugurongyibeifushi，yingzhixiangtanhuawugujiashiquqiangdu，zaijixielidezuoyongxiadaozhijingliboluo。zuoweilingyigelizi，youyuyouliguidefushi，fanyingshaojietanhuaguidebiaomianxianshimadian(PH>10時).
腐fu蝕shi對dui密mi封feng件jian的de性xing能neng有you很hen大da影ying響xiang。由you於yu密mi封feng比bi主zhu機ji的de零ling件jian更geng小xiao，精jing度du更geng高gao，所suo以yi通tong常chang選xuan擇ze比bi主zhu機ji密mi封feng耐nai腐fu蝕shi的de材cai料liao。對dui於yu與yu介jie質zhi直zhi接jie接jie觸chu的de密mi封feng件jian，可ke參can考kao相xiang關guan腐fu蝕shi手shou冊ce中zhong的de數shu據ju選xuan擇ze合he適shi的de材cai料liao。然ran而er，這zhe些xie數shu據ju可ke能neng與yu嘉峪關機械密封係統中使用的條件不一致，因為它們大多是靜態條件下的腐蝕數據，並且工藝流程中的介質包含雜質或二次化合物。經驗表明，壓力、溫度和滑動速度都會加速腐蝕。隨著溫度的升高，密封件的腐蝕速率呈指數增長。
在(zai)處(chu)理(li)強(qiang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)流(liu)體(ti)時(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)外(wai)密(mi)封(feng)或(huo)雙(shuang)端(duan)密(mi)封(feng)可(ke)以(yi)最(zui)大(da)限(xian)度(du)地(di)減(jian)少(shao)腐(fu)蝕(shi)對(dui)密(mi)封(feng)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，因(yin)為(wei)它(ta)與(yu)工(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)體(ti)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)零(ling)件(jian)數(shu)量(liang)最(zui)少(shao)。這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)在(zai)強(qiang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)選(xuan)擇(ze)密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構(gou)最(zui)古(gu)老(lao)的(de)窯(yao)理(li)之(zhi)一(yi)。
2.應力腐蝕。應力腐蝕是金屬材料在應力作用下在腐蝕環境中的腐蝕現象。無論是外載荷還是殘餘應力，都會加劇腐蝕。奧氏體不鏽鋼、tonghejindeng。rongyichanshengyinglifushi。zaiyinglifushiguochengzhong，yibanzaijinshubiaomianxingchengxuanzexingfushicao，ranhoujixujubufushi，zuihouzaiyinglizuoyongxiacongcaodichanshengliewen。dianxingdelizishi104型嘉峪關機械密封的傳動套筒，由1Cr18Ni9Ti製zhi成cheng。在zai氨an水shui泵beng中zhong使shi用yong時shi，傳chuan動dong套tao筒tong的de傳chuan動dong耳er環huan最zui容rong易yi產chan生sheng應ying力li腐fu蝕shi裂lie紋wen，從cong而er損sun壞huai耳er環huan。所suo以yi把ba凹ao耳er釘ding換huan成cheng實shi心xin耳er片pian可ke以yi防fang止zhi這zhe種zhong應ying力li腐fu蝕shi。
3.jiezhifushi。mifengjianheliutizhijiandegaosuyundongdaozhijiechubiaomianshangdeweixiaobujunyun。dangliutiweifushixingjiezhishi，huijiasumifengjiechumiandehuaxuefanying，youshiyouyi，youshiyouhai。ruguoxingchengdeyanghuacengbeipohuai，jiuhuifashengfushi。mosunhemoshijiaotizuoyongduicailiaozaochengdesunshangchengweimoshi。tongchang，mosundui嘉峪關機械密封的非主要部件造成的損壞，如彈簧座、推環、環huan座zuo等deng。並bing不bu能neng迅xun速su反fan映ying密mi封feng性xing能neng的de變bian化hua，但dan卻que是shi摩mo擦ca副fu失shi效xiao的de主zhu要yao形xing式shi之zhi一yi。因yin此ci，在zai腔qiang體ti的de腐fu蝕shi介jie質zhi中zhong，摩mo擦ca副fu應ying由you耐nai腐fu蝕shi性xing好hao的de材cai料liao製zhi成cheng。例li如ru，使shi用yong99.5%高純度氧化鋁陶瓷或不含遊離矽的熱壓燒結碳化矽。
4.間(jian)隙(xi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。當(dang)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)與(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)或(huo)非(fei)金(jin)屬(shu)構(gou)件(jian)之(zhi)間(jian)，且(qie)存(cun)在(zai)小(xiao)間(jian)隙(xi)時(shi)，由(you)於(yu)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)停(ting)滯(zhi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，間(jian)隙(xi)內(nei)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)會(hui)加(jia)速(su)，這(zhe)種(zhong)現(xian)象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)間(jian)隙(xi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)。例(li)如(ru)嘉峪關機械密封彈簧座與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點，補償環輔助密封環與軸之間的溝槽或衝蝕點(這裏當然有微動磨損)就(jiu)是(shi)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)例(li)子(zi)。原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)停(ting)滯(zhi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，使(shi)得(de)參(can)與(yu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)反(fan)應(ying)的(de)物(wu)質(zhi)難(nan)以(yi)加(jia)入(ru)接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)，接(jie)頭(tou)內(nei)的(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)產(chan)物(wu)難(nan)以(yi)向(xiang)外(wai)擴(kuo)散(san)。隨(sui)著(zhe)腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)進(jin)行(xing)，接(jie)頭(tou)中(zhong)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)在(zai)成(cheng)分(fen)濃(nong)度(du)和(he)PHzhishangyuzhenggejiezhiyuelaiyuebutong，daozhijietouzhongjinshubiaomiandefushijiaju。jianxifushiduimifengxingnengfeichangyouhai。mifengquanyushuangzhouzhijiandeaocaohuidaozhibuchanghuanwufazhouxiangweiyi，shiqusuidongxing，daozhiduanmianfenlihexielou。jianxifushitongchangkeyitongguoshidangdecailiaoxuanzehehelidejiegoushejilaihuanjie。biruxuanzekangjianxifushixingnenghaodecailiao；在(zai)結(jie)構(gou)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)，應(ying)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)避(bi)免(mian)液(ye)體(ti)積(ji)聚(ju)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)和(he)死(si)區(qu)。采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)衝(chong)洗(xi)循(xun)環(huan)，使(shi)密(mi)封(feng)腔(qiang)內(nei)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)不(bu)斷(duan)更(geng)換(huan)和(he)流(liu)動(dong)的(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，防(fang)止(zhi)介(jie)質(zhi)成(cheng)分(fen)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)變(bian)化(hua)；對dui於yu長chang期qi停ting用yong的de泵beng，應ying及ji時shi排pai出chu積ji聚ju的de液ye體ti等deng。不bu可ke能neng完wan全quan消xiao除chu結jie構gou上shang的de差cha距ju。所suo以yi一yi般ban采cai用yong防fang護hu軸zhou承cheng，可ke以yi在zai密mi封feng圈quan安an裝zhuang部bu位wei噴pen塗tu耐nai腐fu蝕shi材cai料liao來lai防fang止zhi。
5.電化學腐蝕。事實上，嘉峪關機械密封的各種腐蝕形式或多或少都與銅的電化學腐蝕有關。就嘉峪關機械密封mocafueryan，tamenjingchangshoudaodianhuaxuefushidesunhai，yinweimocafuzhongtongchangshiyongbutongdecailiao。dangtamenchuyudianjiezhirongyezhongshi，butongcailiaojiechushihuichuxiandianouhexiaoying，jiyizhongcailiaodefushidedaocujin，lingyizhongcailiaodefushidedaoyizhi。liru，dangtongheniegegangyongyuyanghuajiezhishi，niegegangbeidianlihefenjie。yanshui、海水、稀鹽酸、稀硫酸等。都是典型的電解質溶液，密封件容易發生電化學腐蝕。所以最好選擇材料或者電位相近的陶瓷，以及玻璃纖維填充的PTFE。
